diff --git a/app/Controllers/Admin/AdminController.php b/app/Controllers/Admin/AdminController.php
index 4f7c400..e53ae8c 100644
--- a/app/Controllers/Admin/AdminController.php
+++ b/app/Controllers/Admin/AdminController.php
@@ -39,31 +39,28 @@ abstract class AdminController extends CommonController
         $this->addViewDatas('formRules', $this->service->getFormService()->getFormRules($action, array_keys($formFields)));
         $this->addViewDatas('formOptions', $this->service->getFormService()->getFormOptions($action, $formFilters));
     }
-    protected function create_form_process(array $formDatas = []): array
-    {
-        return $formDatas;
-    }
+    abstract protected function create_form_process(string $action): void;
     final public function create_form(): string
     {
         $action = __FUNCTION__;
         try {
             //초기화
             $this->action_init_process($action);
-            $this->addViewDatas('formDatas', $this->create_form_process());
+            $this->create_form_process($action);
         } catch (\Exception $e) {
             log_message('error', $e->getMessage());
             session()->setFlashdata('message', $e->getMessage());
         }
         return $this->action_render_process($this->getActionPaths(), $action, $this->getViewDatas());
     }
-    abstract protected function create_process(): RedirectResponse;
-    final public function create(): RedirectResponse
+    abstract protected function create_process(string $action): string|RedirectResponse;
+    final public function create(): string|RedirectResponse
     {
         $action = __FUNCTION__;
         try {
             //초기화
             $this->action_init_process($action);
-            return $this->create_process();
+            return $this->create_process($action);
         } catch (ValidationException $e) {
             // 검증 실패 시 폼으로 돌아가서 오류 메시지 표시
             log_message('error', $e->getMessage());
@@ -73,7 +70,38 @@ abstract class AdminController extends CommonController
             return redirect()->back()->withInput()->with('message', $e->getMessage());
         }
     }
-    protected function modify_form_process($uid): CommonEntity
+    abstract protected function modify_form_process(string $action, $uid): void;
+    final public function modify_form($uid): string
+    {
+        $action = __FUNCTION__;
+        try {
+            //초기화
+            $this->action_init_process($action);
+            $this->modify_form_process($action, $uid);
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            log_message('error', $e->getMessage());
+            session()->setFlashdata('message', $e->getMessage());
+        }
+        return $this->action_render_process($this->getActionPaths(), $action, $this->getViewDatas());
+    }
+    abstract protected function modify_process(string $action, $uid): string|RedirectResponse;
+    final public function modify($uid): string|RedirectResponse
+    {
+        $action = __FUNCTION__;
+        try {
+            //초기화
+            $this->action_init_process($action);
+            return $this->modify_process($action, $uid);
+        } catch (ValidationException $e) {
+            // 검증 실패 시 폼으로 돌아가서 오류 메시지 표시
+            log_message('error', $e->getMessage());
+            return redirect()->back()->withInput()->with('message', $e->getMessage());
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            log_message('error', $e->getMessage());
+            return redirect()->back()->withInput()->with('message', $e->getMessage());
+        }
+    }
+    protected function delete_process($uid): RedirectResponse
     {
         if (!$uid) {
             throw new \Exception("계정 번호가 정의 되지 않았습니다.");
@@ -82,30 +110,17 @@ abstract class AdminController extends CommonController
         if (!$entity instanceof CommonEntity) {
             throw new \Exception("{$uid}에 해당하는 계정을 찾을수 없습니다.");
         }
-        return $entity;
+        $this->service->delete($uid);
+        $redirect_url = $this->getAuthContext()->popPreviousUrl() ?? implode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $this->getActionPaths());
+        return redirect()->to($redirect_url)->with('message', "{$entity->getTitle()} 계정 생성이 완료되었습니다.");
     }
-    final public function modify_form($uid): string
+    final public function delete($uid): RedirectResponse
     {
         $action = __FUNCTION__;
         try {
             //초기화
             $this->action_init_process($action);
-            $entity = $this->modify_form_process($uid);
-            $this->addViewDatas('entity', $entity);
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            log_message('error', $e->getMessage());
-            session()->setFlashdata('message', $e->getMessage());
-        }
-        return $this->action_render_process($this->getActionPaths(), $action, $this->getViewDatas());
-    }
-    abstract protected function modify_process($uid): RedirectResponse;
-    final public function modify($uid): RedirectResponse
-    {
-        $action = __FUNCTION__;
-        try {
-            //초기화
-            $this->action_init_process($action);
-            return $this->modify_process($uid);
+            return $this->delete_process($uid);
         } catch (ValidationException $e) {
             // 검증 실패 시 폼으로 돌아가서 오류 메시지 표시
             log_message('error', $e->getMessage());
diff --git a/app/Controllers/Admin/UserController.php b/app/Controllers/Admin/UserController.php
index 3dd75e7..093270b 100644
--- a/app/Controllers/Admin/UserController.php
+++ b/app/Controllers/Admin/UserController.php
@@ -30,19 +30,21 @@ class UserController extends AdminController
         return parent::getFormRule($action, $field, $rule);
     }
     //Action작업관련
-    protected function create_process(): RedirectResponse
+    protected function create_form_process(string $action): void
+    {
+        //Form Default값 설정
+        $formDatas = ['role' => [ROLE['USER']['MANAGER']]];
+        $this->addViewDatas('formDatas', $formDatas);
+    }
+    protected function create_process(string $action): string|RedirectResponse
     {
         //요청 데이터를 DTO 객체로 변환
-        $dto          = new UserDTO($this->request->getPost());
-        $entity       = $this->service->create($dto);
+        $dto = new UserDTO($this->request->getPost());
+        $entity = $this->service->create($dto);
         $redirect_url = $this->getAuthContext()->popPreviousUrl() ?? implode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $this->getActionPaths());
         return redirect()->to($redirect_url)->with('message', "{$entity->getTitle()} 계정 생성이 완료되었습니다.");
     }
-    protected function modify_form_process($uid): UserEntity
-    {
-        return parent::modify_form_process($uid);
-    }
-    protected function modify_process($uid): RedirectResponse
+    protected function modify_form_process(string $action, $uid): void
     {
         if (!$uid) {
             throw new \Exception("계정 번호가 정의 되지 않았습니다.");
@@ -51,13 +53,17 @@ class UserController extends AdminController
         if (!$entity instanceof UserEntity) {
             throw new \Exception("{$uid}에 해당하는 계정을 찾을수 없습니다.");
         }
+        $this->addViewDatas('entity', $entity);
+    }
+    protected function modify_process(string $action, $uid): string|RedirectResponse
+    {
+
         //요청 데이터를 DTO 객체로 변환
         $dto          = new UserDTO($this->request->getPost());
-        $entity       = $this->service->modify($entity, $dto);
+        $entity       = $this->service->modify($uid, $dto);
         $redirect_url = $this->getAuthContext()->popPreviousUrl() ?? implode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $this->getActionPaths());
         return redirect()->to($redirect_url)->with('message', "{$entity->getTitle()} 계정 수정이 완료되었습니다.");
     }
-
     protected function view_process($uid): UserEntity
     {
         return parent::view_process($uid);
diff --git a/app/Controllers/CommonController.php b/app/Controllers/CommonController.php
index 8d839e7..742958d 100644
--- a/app/Controllers/CommonController.php
+++ b/app/Controllers/CommonController.php
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 namespace App\Controllers;
 
 use App\Controllers\BaseController;
-use App\DTOs\CertificationDTO;
 use App\Libraries\AuthContext;
 use App\Traits\LogTrait;
+use CodeIgniter\HTTP\RedirectResponse;
 use CodeIgniter\HTTP\RequestInterface;
 use CodeIgniter\HTTP\ResponseInterface;
 use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
@@ -74,6 +74,11 @@ abstract class CommonController extends BaseController
         $this->addViewDatas('authContext', $this->getAuthContext());
         $this->addViewDatas('classPath', $this->service->getClassPaths(false));
     }
+    protected function action_rediect_process(string $message): RedirectResponse
+    {
+        $redirect_url = $this->getAuthContext()->popPreviousUrl() ?? implode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $this->getActionPaths());
+        return redirect()->to($redirect_url)->with('message', $message);
+    }
     protected function action_render_process(array $view_paths, string $view_file, array $viewDatas): string
     {
         $lastest_path = array_pop($view_paths); //paths는 마지막을 뺀 앞단까지만 남음
diff --git a/app/Database/user.sql b/app/Database/user.sql
index e926a06..b468b53 100644
--- a/app/Database/user.sql
+++ b/app/Database/user.sql
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ CREATE TABLE `user` (
   PRIMARY KEY (`uid`),
   UNIQUE KEY `UQ_id` (`id`),
   UNIQUE KEY `UQ_email` (`email`)
-) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=46 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='관리자정보';
+) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=51 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='관리자정보';
 /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;
 
 --
@@ -59,4 +59,4 @@ UNLOCK TABLES;
 /*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
 /*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;
 
--- Dump completed on 2025-11-05 21:33:38
+-- Dump completed on 2025-11-10  8:58:23
diff --git a/app/Entities/UserEntity.php b/app/Entities/UserEntity.php
index 25bde51..8f0b440 100644
--- a/app/Entities/UserEntity.php
+++ b/app/Entities/UserEntity.php
@@ -77,24 +77,19 @@ class UserEntity extends CommonEntity
     public function setRole(mixed $role)
     {
         $roleArray = [];
-
         if (is_string($role)) {
             // 1. 양쪽의 불필요한 따옴표와 공백을 제거하여 깨끗한 문자열 확보
             $cleanRoleString = trim($role, " \t\n\r\0\x0B\"");
-
             if (!empty($cleanRoleString)) {
-                // 2. 쉼표를 기준으로 분리 후, 각 요소의 공백/따옴표를 다시 제거
-                $parts = explode(',', $cleanRoleString);
-                $cleanedRoles = array_map(fn($item) => trim($item, " \t\n\r\0\x0B\""), $parts);
-                $roleArray = array_filter($cleanedRoles);
+                $role = explode(DEFAULTS["DELIMITER_ROLE"], $cleanRoleString);
             }
-        } else if (is_array($role)) {
-            // 이미 배열인 경우에도 데이터 정리를 한 번 거칩니다.
+        }
+        if (is_array($role)) {
+            //배열에도 불필요한 따옴표와 공백을 제거
             $cleanedRoles = array_map(fn($item) => trim($item, " \t\n\r\0\x0B\""), $role);
             $roleArray = array_filter($cleanedRoles);
         }
-
         // 💡 핵심: 최종적으로 DB에 삽입될 단일 CSV 문자열로 변환하여 저장합니다.
-        $this->attributes['role'] = implode(',', $roleArray);
+        $this->attributes['role'] = implode(DEFAULTS["DELIMITER_ROLE"], $roleArray);
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Helpers/CommonHelper.php b/app/Helpers/CommonHelper.php
index ae9df40..35a796f 100644
--- a/app/Helpers/CommonHelper.php
+++ b/app/Helpers/CommonHelper.php
@@ -22,51 +22,6 @@ class CommonHelper
     }
     return $this->_attributes[$key];
   }
-  // final public function form_dropdown_common(string $field, mixed $value, array $viewDatas, array $extras = [], array $attributes = [], bool $isAll = false): string
-  // {
-  //   // 필터 옵션이 없으면 빈 배열로 초기화
-  //   if (!array_key_exists($field, $viewDatas['formOptions'])) {
-  //     return ""; // 필터 옵션이 없으면 빈 문자열 반환
-  //   }
-  //   $extra = "";
-  //   foreach ($extras as $extra_tag => $extra_value) {
-  //     $extra .= sprintf(" %s=\"%s\"", $extra_tag, $extra_value);
-  //   }
-  //   // $formOptions는 필터 옵션 배열로, key는 필터 엔티티의 PK, value는 필터 엔티티 객체
-  //   $html = sprintf("<select name=\"%s\" %s>",  $field, $extra);
-  //   $html .= "<option value=\"\">" . lang("{$this->getAttribute('class_path')}.label.{$field}") . " 선택" . "</option>";
-  //   $html .= $this->form_dropdown_common_process($field, $value, $viewDatas, $extras, $attributes, $isAll);
-  //   $html .= '</select>';
-  //   return $html;
-  // }
-  // //필수함수
-  // protected function form_dropdown_common_process(string $field, mixed $value, array $viewDatas, array $extras = [], array $attributes = [], bool $isAll = false): string
-  // {
-  //   $html = "";
-  //   switch ($field) {
-  //     default:
-  //       foreach ($viewDatas['formOptions'][$field]['options'] as $option_key => $option_value) {
-  //         $isSelected = $option_key == $value ? ' selected' : '';
-  //         $isDisabled  = "";
-  //         $attribute = "";
-  //         $label      = "";
-  //         if ($option_value instanceof CommonEntity) {
-  //           if ($option_key != $value && $option_value->getStatus() != DEFAULTS['STATUS'] && !$isAll) {
-  //             continue;
-  //           }
-  //           foreach ($attributes as $attribute_name => $attribute_value) {
-  //             $attribute .= sprintf(" %s=\"%s\"", $attribute_name, $option_value->$attribute_value);
-  //           }
-  //           $label = $option_value->getCustomTitle();
-  //         } else {
-  //           $label = $option_value;
-  //         }
-  //         $html .= sprintf("<option value=\"%s\"%s%s%s>%s</option>", $option_key, $isSelected, $isDisabled, $attribute, $label);
-  //       }
-  //       break;
-  //   }
-  //   return $html;
-  // }
   public function getFieldLabel(string $field, string $label, array $viewDatas, array $extras = []): string
   {
     switch ($field) {
@@ -81,21 +36,17 @@ class CommonHelper
   {
     switch ($field) {
       case 'email':
-        $form = form_input($field, $value ?? "", [
-          "class" => "form-control",
-          'style' => 'width:100%;',
-          "placeholder" => "예)test@example.com",
-          ...$extras
-        ]);
+        $extras['class'] = array_key_exists('class', $extras) ? $extras['class'] . ' form-control' : 'form-control';
+        $extras['style'] = 'width:100%;';
+        $extras['placeholder'] = '예)test@example.co.kr';
+        $form = form_input($field, $value ?? "", $extras);
         break;
       case 'mobile':
       case 'phone':
-        $form = form_input($field, $value ?? "", [
-          "class" => "form-control",
-          'style' => 'width:100%;',
-          "placeholder" => "예)010-0010-0010",
-          ...$extras
-        ]);
+        $extras['class'] = array_key_exists('class', $extras) ? $extras['class'] . ' form-control' : 'form-control';
+        $extras['style'] = 'width:100%;';
+        $extras['placeholder'] = '예)010-0010-0010';
+        $form = form_input($field, $value ?? "", $extras);
         break;
       case 'issue_at':
       case 'expired_at':
@@ -105,30 +56,25 @@ class CommonHelper
       case 'updated_at':
       case 'created_at':
       case 'deleted_at':
-        $extras['class'] = array_key_exists('class', $extras) ? $extras['class'] . ' calender' : 'calender';
+        $extras['class'] = array_key_exists('class', $extras) ? $extras['class'] . ' form-control calender' : 'form-control calender';
+        $extras['style'] = 'width:100%;';
         $form = form_input($field, $value ?? "", $extras);
         break;
       case 'description':
       case 'content':
       case 'detail':
       case 'history':
-        $extras['class'] = array_key_exists('class', $extras) ? $extras['class'] . ' tinymce' : 'tinymce';
-        $form = form_textarea($field, html_entity_decode($value ?? "", ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8'), [
-          "class" => "form-control",
-          'style' => 'width:100%;',
-          ...$extras
-        ]);
+        $extras['class'] = array_key_exists('class', $extras) ? $extras['class'] . ' form-control tinymce' : 'form-control tinymce';
+        $extras['style'] = 'width:100%;';
+        $form = form_textarea($field, html_entity_decode($value ?? "", ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8'), $extras);
         break;
       default:
+        $extras['class'] = array_key_exists('class', $extras) ? $extras['class'] . ' form-control' : 'form-control';
         if (in_array($field, $viewDatas['formFilters'])) {
-          $form = form_dropdown($field, $viewDatas['formOptions'][$field]['options'], $value, $viewDatas['formOptions'][$field]['extras']);
-          // $form = $this->form_dropdown_common($field, $value, $viewDatas, $extras);
+          $form = form_dropdown($field, $viewDatas['formOptions'][$field]['options'], $value, [...$extras, ...$viewDatas['formOptions'][$field]['extras']]);
         } else {
-          $form = form_input($field, $value ?? "", [
-            "class" => "form-control",
-            'style' => 'width:100%;',
-            ...$extras
-          ]);
+          $extras['style'] = 'width:100%;';
+          $form = form_input($field, $value ?? "", $extras);
         }
         break;
     }
diff --git a/app/Helpers/UserHelper.php b/app/Helpers/UserHelper.php
index 841b21c..e51600a 100644
--- a/app/Helpers/UserHelper.php
+++ b/app/Helpers/UserHelper.php
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ class UserHelper extends CommonHelper
         switch ($field) {
             case 'passwd':
             case 'confirmpassword':
-                $form = form_password($field, "", [...$extras]);
+                $extras['class'] = array_key_exists('class', $extras) ? $extras['class'] . ' form-control' : 'form-control';
+                $extras['style'] = 'width:100%;';
+                $form = form_password($field, "", $extras);
                 break;
             case 'role':
                 $currentRoles = is_array($value)
@@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ class UserHelper extends CommonHelper
                 foreach ($viewDatas['formOptions'][$field]['options'] as $key => $label) {
                     $checked = in_array(strtolower(trim($key)), $currentRoles);
                     $form .= '<label class="me-3">';
-                    $form .= form_checkbox('role[]', $key, $checked, array_merge(['id' => "role_{$key}"], $extras));
+                    $form .= form_checkbox('role[]', $key, $checked, ['id' => "role_{$key}", ...$extras]);
                     $form .= " {$label}";
                     $form .= '</label>';
                 }
diff --git a/app/Services/Auth/AuthService.php b/app/Services/Auth/AuthService.php
index 51e3149..79e656f 100644
--- a/app/Services/Auth/AuthService.php
+++ b/app/Services/Auth/AuthService.php
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ abstract class AuthService
 	}
 	final protected function getValidationRules(string $action, array $allRules = []): array
 	{
-		foreach ($this->getFormService()->getFormFields($action) as $field) {
+		foreach ($this->getFormService()->getFormFields($action) as $field => $label) {
 			$allRules = array_merge($allRules, $this->getValidationRule($action, $field, $allRules));
 		}
 		return $allRules;
diff --git a/app/Services/CommonService.php b/app/Services/CommonService.php
index 7deafd7..b7b503b 100644
--- a/app/Services/CommonService.php
+++ b/app/Services/CommonService.php
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ abstract class CommonService
     //Validation용
     final protected function getValidationRules(string $action, array $allRules = []): array
     {
-        foreach ($this->getFormService()->getFormFields($action) as $field) {
+        foreach ($this->getFormService()->getFormFields($action) as $field => $label) {
             $allRules = array_merge($allRules, $this->getValidationRule($action, $field, $allRules));
         }
         return $allRules;
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ abstract class CommonService
     abstract protected function create_process(array $formDatas): CommonEntity;
     public function create(object $dto): CommonEntity
     {
-        $formDatas = (array) $dto;
+        $formDatas = (array)$dto;
         //입력값 검증
         $validation = service('validation')->setRules($this->getValidationRules(__FUNCTION__));
         if (!$validation->run($formDatas)) {
@@ -142,23 +142,20 @@ abstract class CommonService
         return $this->handle_save_result($result, $entity);
     }
     //수정용
-    abstract protected function modify_process(CommonEntity $entity, array $formDatas): CommonEntity;
-    public function modify(CommonEntity $entity, object $dto): CommonEntity
+    abstract protected function modify_process($uid, array $formDatas): CommonEntity;
+    public function modify($uid, object $dto): CommonEntity
     {
-        $formDatas = (array) $dto;
+        $formDatas = (array)$dto;
         //입력값 검증
         $validation = service('validation')->setRules($this->getValidationRules(__FUNCTION__));
         if (!$validation->run($formDatas)) {
             throw new ValidationException(implode("\n", $validation->getErrors()));
         }
-        $updatedEntity = $this->modify_process($entity, $formDatas);
-        // 2. 💡 model->save() 사용: Primary Key가 있으므로 UPDATE를 수행하며,
-        //    Dirty Tracking에 의해 변경된 필드만 업데이트합니다.
+        $updatedEntity = $this->modify_process($uid, $formDatas);
         $result = $this->model->save($updatedEntity);
         if (!$result) {
             throw new RuntimeException(static::class . "에서 " . __FUNCTION__ . "오류발생:" . $this->model->getLastQuery());
         }
-        // 3. handle_save_result에 Entity 객체 전달
         return $this->handle_save_result($result, $updatedEntity);
     }
     protected function delete_process($uid): bool
diff --git a/app/Services/UserService.php b/app/Services/UserService.php
index 0d245e8..61718cd 100644
--- a/app/Services/UserService.php
+++ b/app/Services/UserService.php
@@ -61,24 +61,29 @@ class UserService extends CommonService
         }
         return parent::create($dto);
     }
-    protected function modify_process(CommonEntity $entity, array $formDatas): UserEntity
+    protected function modify_process($uid, array $formDatas): UserEntity
     {
-        // CommonEntity 타입을 UserEntity로 형 변환합니다. (타입 힌트가 CommonEntity지만 실제로는 UserEntity 객체입니다.)
-        $userEntity = $entity;
+        if (!$uid) {
+            throw new \Exception("계정 번호가 정의 되지 않았습니다.");
+        }
+        $entity = $this->getEntity($uid);
+        if (!$entity instanceof UserEntity) {
+            throw new \Exception("{$uid}에 해당하는 계정을 찾을수 없습니다.");
+        }
         if (isset($formDatas['confirmpassword'])) {
             unset($formDatas['confirmpassword']);
         }
         // 변경 사항을 Entity에 적용합니다. (Dirty Tracking 활성화)
-        $userEntity->fill($formDatas);
+        $entity->fill($formDatas);
         // 💡 부모 호출 제거: 변경된 Entity 객체를 반환합니다.
-        return $userEntity;
+        return $entity;
     }
-    public function modify($entity, object $dto): UserEntity
+    public function modify($uid, object $dto): UserEntity
     {
         if (!$dto instanceof UserDTO) {
             throw new RuntimeException(__METHOD__ . "에서 오류발생:" . get_class($dto) . "는 사용할수 없습니다.");
         }
-        return parent::modify($entity, $dto);
+        return parent::modify($uid, $dto);
     }
     //List 검색용
     //FormFilter 조건절 처리
diff --git a/app/Views/admin/user/create_form.php b/app/Views/admin/user/create_form.php
index 5ae7388..82d4599 100644
--- a/app/Views/admin/user/create_form.php
+++ b/app/Views/admin/user/create_form.php
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 <?= $this->extend(LAYOUTS[$viewDatas['layout']]['path']) ?>
+<?= session('message') ? $viewDatas['helper']->alertTrait(session('message')) : "" ?>
 <?= $this->section('content') ?>
 <div id="container" class="content">
   <div class="form_top"><?= $this->include("templates/{$viewDatas['layout']}/form_content_top"); ?></div>
@@ -6,17 +7,16 @@
   <table class="table table-bordered">
     <?php foreach ($viewDatas['formFields'] as $field => $label): ?>
       <tr>
-        <th nowrap class="text-end"><?= $viewDatas['helper']->getFieldLabel($field, $label, $viewDatas) ?></th>
+        <th nowrap class="text-end bg-light" width="20%"><?= $viewDatas['helper']->getFieldLabel($field, $label, $viewDatas) ?></th>
         <td nowrap class="text-start">
           <?= $viewDatas['helper']->getFieldForm($field, old($field) ?? ($viewDatas['formDatas'][$field] ?? null), $viewDatas) ?>
-          <span><?= validation_show_error($field); ?></span>
+          <div><?= validation_show_error($field); ?></div>
         </td>
       </tr>
     <?php endforeach; ?>
   </table>
   <div class="text-center"><?= form_submit('', '입력', array("class" => "btn btn-outline btn-primary")); ?></div>
   <?= form_close(); ?>
-  <?php if (session('message')): ?><div class="alert alert-danger text-start"><?= nl2br(session('message')) ?></div><?php endif; ?>
   <div class="form_bottom"><?= $this->include("templates/{$viewDatas['layout']}/form_content_bottom"); ?></div>
 </div>
 <?= $this->endSection() ?>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/Views/admin/user/index.php b/app/Views/admin/user/index.php
index 3096cf3..80d0a62 100644
--- a/app/Views/admin/user/index.php
+++ b/app/Views/admin/user/index.php
@@ -19,11 +19,11 @@ $template = "templates" . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . "{$viewDatas['layout']}";
           <table class="index_table data table table-bordered table-hover table-striped" data-rtc-resizable-table="reisze_table">
             <thead>
               <tr>
-                <th class="index_head_short_column">번호</th>
+                <th class="text-center bg-light">번호</th>
                 <?php foreach ($viewDatas['formFields'] as $field => $label): ?>
-                  <th data-rtc-resizable="<?= $field ?>"><?= $viewDatas['helper']->getListLabel($field, $label, $viewDatas) ?></th>
+                  <th class="text-center bg-light"><?= $viewDatas['helper']->getListLabel($field, $label, $viewDatas) ?></th>
                 <?php endforeach ?>
-                <th class="index_head_short_column">작업</th>
+                <th class="text-center bg-light">작업</th>
               </tr>
             </thead>
             <tbody>
diff --git a/app/Views/admin/user/modify_form.php b/app/Views/admin/user/modify_form.php
index b70a549..040274f 100644
--- a/app/Views/admin/user/modify_form.php
+++ b/app/Views/admin/user/modify_form.php
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 <?= $this->extend(LAYOUTS[$viewDatas['layout']]['path']) ?>
+<?= session('message') ? $viewDatas['helper']->alertTrait(session('message')) : "" ?>
 <?= $this->section('content') ?>
 <div id="container" class="content">
   <div class="form_top"><?= $this->include("templates/{$viewDatas['layout']}/form_content_top"); ?></div>
@@ -6,17 +7,16 @@
   <table class="table table-bordered">
     <?php foreach ($viewDatas['formFields'] as $field => $label): ?>
       <tr>
-        <th nowrap class="text-end"><?= $viewDatas['helper']->getFieldLabel($field, $label, $viewDatas) ?></th>
+        <th nowrap class="text-end bg-light" width="20%"><?= $viewDatas['helper']->getFieldLabel($field, $label, $viewDatas) ?></th>
         <td nowrap class="text-start">
           <?= $viewDatas['helper']->getFieldForm($field, old($field) ?? ($viewDatas['entity']->$field ?? null), $viewDatas) ?>
-          <span><?= validation_show_error($field); ?></span>
+          <div><?= validation_show_error($field); ?></div>
         </td>
       </tr>
     <?php endforeach; ?>
   </table>
   <div class="text-center"><?= form_submit('', '수정', array("class" => "btn btn-outline btn-primary")); ?></div>
   <?= form_close(); ?>
-  <?php if (session('message')): ?><div class="alert alert-danger text-start"><?= nl2br(session('message')) ?></div><?php endif; ?>
   <div class="form_bottom"><?= $this->include("templates/{$viewDatas['layout']}/form_content_bottom"); ?></div>
 </div>
 <?= $this->endSection() ?>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/Views/admin/user/view.php b/app/Views/admin/user/view.php
index db4650e..80061d8 100644
--- a/app/Views/admin/user/view.php
+++ b/app/Views/admin/user/view.php
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 <?= $this->extend(LAYOUTS[$viewDatas['layout']]['path']) ?>
+<?= session('message') ? $viewDatas['helper']->alertTrait(session('message')) : "" ?>
 <?= $this->section('content') ?>
 <div id="container" class="content">
   <div class="form_top"><?= $this->include("templates/{$viewDatas['layout']}/form_content_top"); ?></div>
   <table class="table table-bordered">
     <?php foreach ($viewDatas['formFields'] as $field => $label): ?>
       <tr>
-        <th nowrap class="text-end"><?= $viewDatas['helper']->getFieldLabel($field, $label, $viewDatas) ?></th>
+        <th nowrap class="text-end bg-light" width="20%"><?= $viewDatas['helper']->getFieldLabel($field, $label, $viewDatas) ?></th>
         <td nowrap class="text-start"><?= $viewDatas['helper']->getFieldView($field, old($field) ?? ($viewDatas['entity']->$field ?? null), $viewDatas) ?></td>
       </tr>
     <?php endforeach; ?>